Sudan

Country Sudan
Capital Khartoum
Continent Africa
Currency Sudanese pound(SDG)
Languages Arabic & English

Information

Introduction

Military regimes favoring Islamic-oriented governments have dominated national politics since independence from the UK in 1956. Sudan was embroiled in two prolonged civil wars during most of the remainder of the 20th century. These conflicts were rooted in northern economic, political, and social domination of largely non-Muslim, non-Arab southern Sudanese. The first civil war ended in 1972 but broke out again in 1983. The second war and famine-related effects resulted in more than four million people displaced and, according to rebel estimates, more than two million deaths over a period of two decades. Peace talks gained momentum in 2002-04 with the signing of several accords. The final North/South Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), signed in January 2005, granted the southern rebels autonomy for six years followed by a referendum on independence for Southern Sudan. The referendum was held in January 2011 and indicated overwhelming support for independence. South Sudan became independent on 9 July 2011. Since southern independence Sudan has been combating rebels from the Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North (SPLM-N) in Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile states. A separate conflict, which broke out in the western region of Darfur in 2003, has displaced nearly two million people and caused an estimated 200,000 to 400,000 deaths. The UN took command of the Darfur peacekeeping operation from the African Union in December 2007. Peacekeeping troops have struggled to stabilize the situation, which has become increasingly regional in scope and has brought instability to eastern Chad. Sudan also has faced large refugee influxes from neighboring countries primarily Ethiopia and Chad. Armed conflict, poor transport infrastructure, and lack of government support have chronically obstructed the provision of humanitarian assistance to affected populations.

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References

Sudan - Wikipedia
Sudan - CIA World Fact Book
Sudan - BBC
Sudan - Timeline - BBC

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UN warns of catastrophic hunger in Sudan in coming months - The Times of India
  1. UN warns of catastrophic hunger in Sudan in coming months  The Times of India
  2. Opinion | The Unforgivable Silence on Sudan  The New York Times
  3. 24 million Sudanese children facing 'generational catastrophe' | UN News  UN News


South Sudan closes schools in preparation for 45C heatwave - The GuardianSouth Sudan closes schools in preparation for 45C heatwave  The Guardian

South Sudan shutters all schools as it prepares for an extreme heat wave - The Times of IndiaSouth Sudan shutters all schools as it prepares for an extreme heat wave  The Times of India

South Sudan heatwave: Extreme weather shuts schools and cuts power - BBC.comSouth Sudan heatwave: Extreme weather shuts schools and cuts power  BBC.com

Situation in the Sudan pursuant to Security Council resolution 2715 (2023) - Report of the Secretary-General (S/2024 ... - ReliefWebSituation in the Sudan pursuant to Security Council resolution 2715 (2023) - Report of the Secretary-General (S/2024 ...  ReliefWeb

Crisis in Haiti, Ukraine’s war against Russia in Sudan & other global news you may have missed - ThePrintCrisis in Haiti, Ukraine’s war against Russia in Sudan & other global news you may have missed  ThePrint

South Sudan President fires finance minister amid an economic crisis - Deccan HeraldSouth Sudan President fires finance minister amid an economic crisis  Deccan Herald

U.S. envoy for Sudan sees hope for end to conflict, urges urgency - Sudan TribuneU.S. envoy for Sudan sees hope for end to conflict, urges urgency  Sudan Tribune

US Warns Sudan Risks Becoming 'Terrorist Haven' - Asharq Al-awsat - EnglishUS Warns Sudan Risks Becoming 'Terrorist Haven'  Asharq Al-awsat - English

The implications of the Sudan war on healthcare workers and facilities: a health system tragedy - Sudan - ReliefWebThe implications of the Sudan war on healthcare workers and facilities: a health system tragedy - Sudan  ReliefWeb

Sudan Price Bulletin, February 2024 - Sudan - ReliefWebSudan Price Bulletin, February 2024 - Sudan  ReliefWeb

Emergency situation in Chad: Update on arrivals from Sudan (as of 16 March 2024) - Chad - ReliefWebEmergency situation in Chad: Update on arrivals from Sudan (as of 16 March 2024) - Chad  ReliefWeb

Watch IPL 2024 live from South Sudan: Here's how to live stream the tournament - The Economic TimesWatch IPL 2024 live from South Sudan: Here's how to live stream the tournament  The Economic Times

Sudan crisis: Facts, FAQs, and how to help - World VisionSudan crisis: Facts, FAQs, and how to help  World Vision

Sudan: Urgent Action Needed on Hunger Crisis - Human Rights WatchSudan: Urgent Action Needed on Hunger Crisis  Human Rights Watch

South Sudan shutters all schools as it prepares for an extreme heat wave - FirstpostSouth Sudan shutters all schools as it prepares for an extreme heat wave  Firstpost

UN warns five million could suffer ‘catastrophic’ hunger in Sudan amid war - Al Jazeera EnglishUN warns five million could suffer ‘catastrophic’ hunger in Sudan amid war  Al Jazeera English

Sudan To Start Polio Immunisation As Six African Countries Detect Virus - Health Policy WatchSudan To Start Polio Immunisation As Six African Countries Detect Virus  Health Policy Watch

Promoting Accountability for Corruption that Fuels South Sudan's Conflict - United States Department of State - Department of StatePromoting Accountability for Corruption that Fuels South Sudan's Conflict - United States Department of State  Department of State

Sudan's forgotten war: A new diplomatic push is needed - Chatham HouseSudan's forgotten war: A new diplomatic push is needed  Chatham House

Sudan conflict: US Envoy Tom Perriello says there's political will to end the war - BBC.comSudan conflict: US Envoy Tom Perriello says there's political will to end the war  BBC.com

World News in Brief: Haiti aid delivery continues, South Sudan violence, pandemic treaty talks near end, Guterres on ... - UN NewsWorld News in Brief: Haiti aid delivery continues, South Sudan violence, pandemic treaty talks near end, Guterres on ...  UN News

Can the Sudanese army sustain its recent battlefield success? - Al Jazeera EnglishCan the Sudanese army sustain its recent battlefield success?  Al Jazeera English

Sudan army regains control of national TV and radio headquarters from RSF - Al Jazeera EnglishSudan army regains control of national TV and radio headquarters from RSF  Al Jazeera English

UN Security Council calls for ceasefire in Sudan during Ramadan - Al Jazeera EnglishUN Security Council calls for ceasefire in Sudan during Ramadan  Al Jazeera English

South Sudan shutters all schools as it prepares for an extreme heat wave - Press Trust of IndiaSouth Sudan shutters all schools as it prepares for an extreme heat wave  Press Trust of India

Sudan conflict: Army retakes state broadcaster's headquarters from RSF - Africanews EnglishSudan conflict: Army retakes state broadcaster's headquarters from RSF  Africanews English

UN warns of catastrophic hunger in Sudan in coming months - ReutersUN warns of catastrophic hunger in Sudan in coming months  Reuters

Sudan: Horrific violations and abuses as fighting spreads - report - OHCHRSudan: Horrific violations and abuses as fighting spreads - report  OHCHR

Sudan army general rules out Ramadan truce unless RSF leaves civilian sites - Al Jazeera EnglishSudan army general rules out Ramadan truce unless RSF leaves civilian sites  Al Jazeera English

Over 50 million people may be food insecure in eastern Africa, warns WFP - Down To Earth MagazineOver 50 million people may be food insecure in eastern Africa, warns WFP  Down To Earth Magazine

Darfur faces famine risk as food shortages and malnutrition rise - Sudan TribuneDarfur faces famine risk as food shortages and malnutrition rise  Sudan Tribune

Security Council calls for immediate cessation of hostilities in Sudan - UN NewsSecurity Council calls for immediate cessation of hostilities in Sudan  UN News

War comes to Sudan's capital — at vast human cost - Financial TimesWar comes to Sudan's capital — at vast human cost  Financial Times

UN Says 5 Million at Risk of Starvation in Sudan - Voice of America - VOA NewsUN Says 5 Million at Risk of Starvation in Sudan  Voice of America - VOA News

Sudan's military rejects Ramadan ceasefire - Africanews EnglishSudan's military rejects Ramadan ceasefire  Africanews English

South Sudan closes schools owing to extreme heatwave - The East AfricanSouth Sudan closes schools owing to extreme heatwave  The East African

South Sudan heatwave: Extreme weather shuts schools and cuts power - BBCSouth Sudan heatwave: Extreme weather shuts schools and cuts power  BBC

South Sudan shutters all schools as it prepares for an extreme heat wave - The Associated PressSouth Sudan shutters all schools as it prepares for an extreme heat wave  The Associated Press

11 months into Sudan war, 'world's worst hunger crisis' looms - UN News11 months into Sudan war, 'world's worst hunger crisis' looms  UN News

Sudan's army chief vows to push on after advance in embattled capital - ReutersSudan's army chief vows to push on after advance in embattled capital  Reuters

South Sudan Shutters All Schools as It Prepares for Extreme Heat Wave - Voice of America - VOA NewsSouth Sudan Shutters All Schools as It Prepares for Extreme Heat Wave  Voice of America - VOA News

Ramadan in Sudan: A year after war began, hunger crisis looms over country - TRT WorldRamadan in Sudan: A year after war began, hunger crisis looms over country  TRT World

Sudan's army claims control of national broadcast building - ReutersSudan's army claims control of national broadcast building  Reuters

Sudan's Al-Hilal to compete in Tanzanian Premier League - KingFutSudan's Al-Hilal to compete in Tanzanian Premier League  KingFut

Sudan: 5 million at risk of starvation due to war, UN says - DW (English)Sudan: 5 million at risk of starvation due to war, UN says  DW (English)

Sudan could be weeks away from a 'catastrophic hunger crisis' - Sky NewsSudan could be weeks away from a 'catastrophic hunger crisis'  Sky News

Sudanese seek connections through Starlink after weeks of blackouts - ReutersSudanese seek connections through Starlink after weeks of blackouts  Reuters

Sudan's Al-Hilal granted preliminary approval to join Tanzanian league - Africa - Sports - Ahram OnlineSudan's Al-Hilal granted preliminary approval to join Tanzanian league - Africa - Sports  Ahram Online

Ramadan around the corner in Sudan amid ‘the world’s largest hunger crisis’ - Al Jazeera EnglishRamadan around the corner in Sudan amid ‘the world’s largest hunger crisis’  Al Jazeera English

Sudanese army repels RSF attack in Al-Faw - Sudan TribuneSudanese army repels RSF attack in Al-Faw  Sudan Tribune

Renewed clashes erupt between Sudanese army and RSF in Khartoum Bahri - Sudan TribuneRenewed clashes erupt between Sudanese army and RSF in Khartoum Bahri  Sudan Tribune

Sudan - UNEPSudan  UNEP

#Keepiton Sudan's internet shutdown threatens delivery of humanitarian and emergency services. - Amnesty International#Keepiton Sudan's internet shutdown threatens delivery of humanitarian and emergency services.  Amnesty International

UNICEF warns of catastrophic loss of lives in Sudan as famine looms - ReutersUNICEF warns of catastrophic loss of lives in Sudan as famine looms  Reuters

The United Nations Is Not Leaving the Sudan | United Nations - Welcome to the United NationsThe United Nations Is Not Leaving the Sudan | United Nations  Welcome to the United Nations

South Sudan - European Commission - European UnionSouth Sudan - European Commission  European Union

U.N. Warns 18 Million People in Sudan Face Acute Food Insecurity - Democracy Now!U.N. Warns 18 Million People in Sudan Face Acute Food Insecurity  Democracy Now!

Nearly 230,000 children, new mothers risk dying of hunger in Sudan: NGO - theSunNearly 230,000 children, new mothers risk dying of hunger in Sudan: NGO  theSun

UNMISS is crucial to free and fair elections in South Sudan - Institute for Security StudiesUNMISS is crucial to free and fair elections in South Sudan  Institute for Security Studies

Sudan war: Army and RSF both profiting from smuggling of vital goods - Middle East EyeSudan war: Army and RSF both profiting from smuggling of vital goods  Middle East Eye

In Sudan, “climate wars” are useful scapegoats for bad leaders - Bulletin of the Atomic ScientistsIn Sudan, “climate wars” are useful scapegoats for bad leaders  Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Sudan army general rules out Ramadan truce unless RSF leaves civilian sites - ReutersSudan army general rules out Ramadan truce unless RSF leaves civilian sites  Reuters

Sudanese refugees face gruelling wait in overcrowded South Sudan camps - Al Jazeera EnglishSudanese refugees face gruelling wait in overcrowded South Sudan camps  Al Jazeera English

Ukraine Is Now Fighting Russia in Sudan - WSJ - The Wall Street JournalUkraine Is Now Fighting Russia in Sudan - WSJ  The Wall Street Journal

World’s largest hunger crisis looms in Sudan, UN warns, as humanitarian response hits ‘breaking point’ - CNNWorld’s largest hunger crisis looms in Sudan, UN warns, as humanitarian response hits ‘breaking point’  CNN

Announcement of a Special Envoy for Sudan - United States Department of State - Department of StateAnnouncement of a Special Envoy for Sudan - United States Department of State  Department of State

South Sudan shuts schools in face of extreme heat - The Irish TimesSouth Sudan shuts schools in face of extreme heat  The Irish Times

Condemning the Obstruction of Humanitarian Assistance and Closing of Civic Space in Sudan - United States ... - Department of StateCondemning the Obstruction of Humanitarian Assistance and Closing of Civic Space in Sudan - United States ...  Department of State

Don't ignore Sudan's horrific conflict - Vox.comDon't ignore Sudan's horrific conflict  Vox.com

FM Shoukry says any political process in Sudan should include all parties - Egypt TodayFM Shoukry says any political process in Sudan should include all parties  Egypt Today

Egypt has done much to support Sudan and its people during its war: Shoukry to US envoy - Foreign Affairs - Egypt - Ahram OnlineEgypt has done much to support Sudan and its people during its war: Shoukry to US envoy - Foreign Affairs - Egypt  Ahram Online

Brutal clashes continue in W. Kordofan's Babanusa as civilian toll rises - Sudan TribuneBrutal clashes continue in W. Kordofan's Babanusa as civilian toll rises  Sudan Tribune

World News in Brief: WFP boosts aid in Chad amid Sudan crisis, Ukraine education boost, counter-terrorism, the right to ... - UN NewsWorld News in Brief: WFP boosts aid in Chad amid Sudan crisis, Ukraine education boost, counter-terrorism, the right to ...  UN News

UNMISS Brief on violence affecting civilians (October to December 2023) - South Sudan - ReliefWebUNMISS Brief on violence affecting civilians (October to December 2023) - South Sudan  ReliefWeb

Famine looms in Sudan - Al Jazeera EnglishFamine looms in Sudan  Al Jazeera English

Sudan Crisis Explained - USA for UNHCRSudan Crisis Explained  USA for UNHCR

Sudan's war risks creating the world's largest hunger crisis, warns WFP Chief | World Food Programme - WFPSudan's war risks creating the world's largest hunger crisis, warns WFP Chief | World Food Programme  WFP

EU announces the allocation, in 2024, of €117 million in humanitarian aid to Chad and Sudan as Commissioner ... - European UnionEU announces the allocation, in 2024, of €117 million in humanitarian aid to Chad and Sudan as Commissioner ...  European Union

UN: 24M Children Face Year of Abuse in Sudan Conflict - Mirage NewsUN: 24M Children Face Year of Abuse in Sudan Conflict  Mirage News

Remarks at a UN Security Council Briefing on Sudan and South Sudan - United States Mission to the United NationsRemarks at a UN Security Council Briefing on Sudan and South Sudan  United States Mission to the United Nations

Is Sudan still a state?, by Gérard Prunier - Le Monde diplomatique - EnglishIs Sudan still a state?, by Gérard Prunier  Le Monde diplomatique - English

Sudan: Council adds six entities to EU sanctions list - Présidence française du Conseil de l'Union européenne 2022Sudan: Council adds six entities to EU sanctions list  Présidence française du Conseil de l'Union européenne 2022

Situation of human rights in the Sudan; Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (A/HRC/55 ... - ReliefWebSituation of human rights in the Sudan; Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (A/HRC/55 ...  ReliefWeb

War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, and Ethnic Cleansing Determination in Sudan - United States Department of State - Department of StateWar Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, and Ethnic Cleansing Determination in Sudan - United States Department of State  Department of State

'They're targeting us': Sudan's army cracks down on democracy activists - Al Jazeera English'They're targeting us': Sudan's army cracks down on democracy activists  Al Jazeera English

Crisis in Sudan: What is happening and how to help - International Rescue CommitteeCrisis in Sudan: What is happening and how to help  International Rescue Committee

Almost 230,000 children and new mothers could starve to death in Sudan, experts warn - The TelegraphAlmost 230,000 children and new mothers could starve to death in Sudan, experts warn  The Telegraph

The United Nations Is not leaving the Sudan - Welcome to the United NationsThe United Nations Is not leaving the Sudan  Welcome to the United Nations

Sudan suspends membership in IGAD regional bloc - Al Jazeera EnglishSudan suspends membership in IGAD regional bloc  Al Jazeera English

World Report 2024: Sudan - Human Rights WatchWorld Report 2024: Sudan  Human Rights Watch

Sudan: New Mass Ethnic Killings, Pillage in Darfur - Human Rights WatchSudan: New Mass Ethnic Killings, Pillage in Darfur  Human Rights Watch

Sudan capital: Ramadan without water or electricity as battles continue - Dabanga Radio TV Online - Dabanga Radio TV Online (English)Sudan capital: Ramadan without water or electricity as battles continue - Dabanga Radio TV Online  Dabanga Radio TV Online (English)

Study: Gilead antiviral drug shows promise as a treatment for Ebola Sudan - STATStudy: Gilead antiviral drug shows promise as a treatment for Ebola Sudan  STAT

‘Can’t trust the Janjaweed’: Sudan’s capital ravaged by RSF rule - Al Jazeera English‘Can’t trust the Janjaweed’: Sudan’s capital ravaged by RSF rule  Al Jazeera English

Survivors of Sudan's brutal war have been forgotten - Norwegian Refugee CouncilSurvivors of Sudan's brutal war have been forgotten  Norwegian Refugee Council

Sudan’s Burhan vows to hunt paramilitary RSF everywhere - Middle East MonitorSudan’s Burhan vows to hunt paramilitary RSF everywhere  Middle East Monitor

Five things to know about the crisis in Sudan - UNHCRFive things to know about the crisis in Sudan  UNHCR

Tsananin zafi:Sudan ta Kudu ta rufe makarantun kasar - DWTsananin zafi:Sudan ta Kudu ta rufe makarantun kasar  DW

UN calls for $4.1bn in aid for Sudan, says crisis needs world’s attention - Al Jazeera EnglishUN calls for $4.1bn in aid for Sudan, says crisis needs world’s attention  Al Jazeera English

Igad: Sudan leaves regional bloc over attempt to end war - BBC.comIgad: Sudan leaves regional bloc over attempt to end war  BBC.com

Network blackout cuts communications for millions in war-torn Sudan - Al Jazeera EnglishNetwork blackout cuts communications for millions in war-torn Sudan  Al Jazeera English