Rwanda

Country Rwanda
Capital Kigali
Continent Africa
Currency Rwandan franc(RWF)
Languages Kinyarwanda, French & English

Information

Introduction

In 1959, three years before independence from Belgium, the majority ethnic group, the Hutus, overthrew the ruling Tutsi king. Over the next several years, thousands of Tutsis were killed, and some 150,000 driven into exile in neighboring countries. The children of these exiles later formed a rebel group, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), and began a civil war in 1990. The war, along with several political and economic upheavals, exacerbated ethnic tensions, culminating in April 1994 in the genocide of roughly 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus. The Tutsi rebels defeated the Hutu regime and ended the killing in July 1994, but approximately 2 million Hutu refugees - many fearing Tutsi retribution - fled to neighboring Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zaire. Since then, most of the refugees have returned to Rwanda, but several thousand remained in the neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC; the former Zaire) and formed an extremist insurgency bent on retaking Rwanda, much as the RPF tried in 1990. Rwanda held its first local elections in 1999 and its first post-genocide presidential and legislative elections in 2003. Rwanda in 2009 staged a joint military operation with the Congolese Army in DRC to rout out the Hutu extremist insurgency there and Kigali and Kinshasa restored diplomatic relations. Rwanda also joined the Commonwealth in late 2009.

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References

Rwanda - Wikipedia
Rwanda - CIA World Fact Book
Rwanda - BBC
Rwanda - Timeline - BBC

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A look at vehicle emissions standards being used in Rwanda| The New Times - The New TimesA look at vehicle emissions standards being used in Rwanda| The New Times  The New Times

Rwanda: RDF ivuga ko 'drone' yayo yakoze impanuka ikomeretsa abanyeshuri - BBCRwanda: RDF ivuga ko 'drone' yayo yakoze impanuka ikomeretsa abanyeshuri  BBC

Congo-Rwanda deal offers US role in minerals sector - DawnCongo-Rwanda deal offers US role in minerals sector  Dawn

From village roads to victory: How Rwanda’s youth are finding freedom through cycling - Olympics.comFrom village roads to victory: How Rwanda’s youth are finding freedom through cycling  Olympics.com

Inteko y'u Rwanda yashinje iya EU 'kwivanga mu bucamanza' mu gusaba ko Victoire Ingabire arekurwa - BBCInteko y'u Rwanda yashinje iya EU 'kwivanga mu bucamanza' mu gusaba ko Victoire Ingabire arekurwa  BBC

Rwanda: RIB yafunze abakozi ba FERWAFA bacyekwaho ibyaha birimo no kunyereza umutungo - BBCRwanda: RIB yafunze abakozi ba FERWAFA bacyekwaho ibyaha birimo no kunyereza umutungo  BBC

Rwanda backs Qatar at UN, demands accountability for Israeli strikes| The New Times - The New TimesRwanda backs Qatar at UN, demands accountability for Israeli strikes| The New Times  The New Times

Rwanda, China sign defence cooperation agreement| The New Times - The New TimesRwanda, China sign defence cooperation agreement| The New Times  The New Times

Patriots, four other clubs withdraw from Rwanda Cup tourney| The New Times - The New TimesPatriots, four other clubs withdraw from Rwanda Cup tourney| The New Times  The New Times

UN official in Rwanda to assess peacekeeping costs| The New Times - The New TimesUN official in Rwanda to assess peacekeeping costs| The New Times  The New Times

Rwanda GDP Growth Accelerates to 1-Year High - TradingViewRwanda GDP Growth Accelerates to 1-Year High  TradingView

France’s Coopérative U Expands To Rwanda - European Supermarket MagazineFrance’s Coopérative U Expands To Rwanda  European Supermarket Magazine

Rwanda's economic growth slows in Q2 2025 - ReutersRwanda's economic growth slows in Q2 2025  Reuters

Trauma and resilience: McGill study explores the enduring effects of sexual violence during the Rwandan genocide against the Tutsi - McGill UniversityTrauma and resilience: McGill study explores the enduring effects of sexual violence during the Rwandan genocide against the Tutsi  McGill University

Rwanda Launches Africa’s First Self-Flying Air Taxi - Business Traveler USARwanda Launches Africa’s First Self-Flying Air Taxi  Business Traveler USA

Rwanda confronts a surprising surge in malaria - News-MedicalRwanda confronts a surprising surge in malaria  News-Medical

From the capital of Kigali to remote villages, Northeastern students help steer Rwanda's future - Northeastern Global NewsFrom the capital of Kigali to remote villages, Northeastern students help steer Rwanda's future  Northeastern Global News

Climbing, cobbles, altitude – Are the Rwanda World Championships already won, or will the peloton tear up the script in Kigali? - CyclingnewsClimbing, cobbles, altitude – Are the Rwanda World Championships already won, or will the peloton tear up the script in Kigali?  Cyclingnews

Israel expands Gaza assault, warns residents to leave; UN body likens action to Rwanda genocide - Telegraph IndiaIsrael expands Gaza assault, warns residents to leave; UN body likens action to Rwanda genocide  Telegraph India

Rwanda’s economic growth slows in quarter 2 - The EastAfricanRwanda’s economic growth slows in quarter 2  The EastAfrican

Discover Rwanda’s Natural Wonders with RwandAir’s New Direct Flights from Lagos - Travel And Tour WorldDiscover Rwanda’s Natural Wonders with RwandAir’s New Direct Flights from Lagos  Travel And Tour World

Road World Championships, Rwanda: Schedule, TV, Maps, and Favorites for the Rainbow Bands - Outside MagazineRoad World Championships, Rwanda: Schedule, TV, Maps, and Favorites for the Rainbow Bands  Outside Magazine

Road Cycling World Championships 2025: Great Britain name World Championship team - BBCRoad Cycling World Championships 2025: Great Britain name World Championship team  BBC

Rwanda's GDP growth slows to 7.8% year-on-year in Q2 2025 - TradingViewRwanda's GDP growth slows to 7.8% year-on-year in Q2 2025  TradingView

Exclusive: Congo-Rwanda draft deal outlines role of US, others in revamp of minerals sector - ReutersExclusive: Congo-Rwanda draft deal outlines role of US, others in revamp of minerals sector  Reuters

Rwanda Road World Championships - Riders to watch in the elite women's individual time trial - CyclingnewsRwanda Road World Championships - Riders to watch in the elite women's individual time trial  Cyclingnews

Rwanda-US migrant deal's first group of deportees arrive, says spokesperson - BBCRwanda-US migrant deal's first group of deportees arrive, says spokesperson  BBC

Gambia Joins Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda and More to Skyrocketing Africa’s Tourism with Sustainable Growth and Unique Eco-Tourism Offerings: Everything You Need to Know - Travel And Tour WorldGambia Joins Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda and More to Skyrocketing Africa’s Tourism with Sustainable Growth and Unique Eco-Tourism Offerings: Everything You Need to Know  Travel And Tour World

Rwanda's economic growth slows in Q2 2025 - TradingViewRwanda's economic growth slows in Q2 2025  TradingView

Exclusive-Congo-Rwanda draft deal outlines role of US, others in revamp of minerals sector - ThePrintExclusive-Congo-Rwanda draft deal outlines role of US, others in revamp of minerals sector  ThePrint

Decades After Genocide, Rwanda Emerges as Aggressive Regional Power - The Wall Street JournalDecades After Genocide, Rwanda Emerges as Aggressive Regional Power  The Wall Street Journal

Rwanda and Congo to Boost Mineral Supply Chains with U.S. Assistance - DevdiscourseRwanda and Congo to Boost Mineral Supply Chains with U.S. Assistance  Devdiscourse

Tom Pidcock Leads Britain's Charge at Road World Championships in Rwanda - DevdiscourseTom Pidcock Leads Britain's Charge at Road World Championships in Rwanda  Devdiscourse

Rwanda confirms it received seven immigrants deported under Donald Trump - Al JazeeraRwanda confirms it received seven immigrants deported under Donald Trump  Al Jazeera

Rwanda's Kagame meets Qatari leader, expresses solidarity after Israeli attack - TRT FrançaisRwanda's Kagame meets Qatari leader, expresses solidarity after Israeli attack  TRT Français

João Almeida is the next big name skipping the World Championships in Rwanda: the Portuguese rider focuses on different goal this fall - IDLprocycling.comJoão Almeida is the next big name skipping the World Championships in Rwanda: the Portuguese rider focuses on different goal this fall  IDLprocycling.com

The World Championship of Rwanda begins this week: dates, schedules, and favorites - brujulabike.comThe World Championship of Rwanda begins this week: dates, schedules, and favorites  brujulabike.com

2024 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Rwanda - U.S. Department of State (.gov)2024 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Rwanda  U.S. Department of State (.gov)

Rwanda Advances Cancer Control with Focus on Cervical Cancer and Health Workforce Development - IAEARwanda Advances Cancer Control with Focus on Cervical Cancer and Health Workforce Development  IAEA

Kagame’s quiet war: Rwanda’s foreign ambitions cast long shadows - The North Africa PostKagame’s quiet war: Rwanda’s foreign ambitions cast long shadows  The North Africa Post

DRC, Rwanda agree economic framework outline as part of peace deal - Al JazeeraDRC, Rwanda agree economic framework outline as part of peace deal  Al Jazeera

Rwanda, DRC, Burundi: December start for hydropower plant - ESI-Africa.comRwanda, DRC, Burundi: December start for hydropower plant  ESI-Africa.com

Rwanda received migrants deported from the US earlier this month - ReutersRwanda received migrants deported from the US earlier this month  Reuters

Are African countries aware of their own mineral wealth? Ghana and Rwanda offer two very different answers - The ConversationAre African countries aware of their own mineral wealth? Ghana and Rwanda offer two very different answers  The Conversation

Rwanda: Innovating Energy for Every Village - Global CitizenRwanda: Innovating Energy for Every Village  Global Citizen

UK’s Aterian Expands Rwandan Mining Business with $250M Facility - Energy Capital & PowerUK’s Aterian Expands Rwandan Mining Business with $250M Facility  Energy Capital & Power

France-Rwanda-Jenoside: Impari mw'iyungururizo ku rubanza rwa Dr Sosthène Munyemana muri sentare y'i Paris - BBCFrance-Rwanda-Jenoside: Impari mw'iyungururizo ku rubanza rwa Dr Sosthène Munyemana muri sentare y'i Paris  BBC

Aterian launches expanded trading operations in Rwanda with first coltan shipment - Mining WeeklyAterian launches expanded trading operations in Rwanda with first coltan shipment  Mining Weekly

Rwanda accepts seven people from US as part of deportation deal - The GuardianRwanda accepts seven people from US as part of deportation deal  The Guardian

Armed militia kill hundreds in eastern DR Congo - UN NewsArmed militia kill hundreds in eastern DR Congo  UN News

DR Congo, Rwanda sign peace deal in ‘turning point’ after years of conflict - Al JazeeraDR Congo, Rwanda sign peace deal in ‘turning point’ after years of conflict  Al Jazeera

DR Congo and Rwanda hold first talks since signing of peace deal - Al JazeeraDR Congo and Rwanda hold first talks since signing of peace deal  Al Jazeera

Submission to the Universal Periodic Review of Rwanda - Human Rights WatchSubmission to the Universal Periodic Review of Rwanda  Human Rights Watch

DR Congo's M23 conflict: What is the fighting about and is Rwanda involved? - BBCDR Congo's M23 conflict: What is the fighting about and is Rwanda involved?  BBC

Aid cuts push refugees in Rwanda to the brink - The EastAfricanAid cuts push refugees in Rwanda to the brink  The EastAfrican

Turning point or pointless turn: Will DR Congo-Rwanda deal bring peace? - Al JazeeraTurning point or pointless turn: Will DR Congo-Rwanda deal bring peace?  Al Jazeera

Burkina Faso Follows Ghana, Rwanda, And Kenya In Abolishing Visa Fees To Simplify Travel For African Citizens: What You Need To Know - Travel And Tour WorldBurkina Faso Follows Ghana, Rwanda, And Kenya In Abolishing Visa Fees To Simplify Travel For African Citizens: What You Need To Know  Travel And Tour World

UN experts cast blame on Rwanda and Uganda. What are they doing in DRC? - Al JazeeraUN experts cast blame on Rwanda and Uganda. What are they doing in DRC?  Al Jazeera

Genocide against the Tutsi: UNESCO and Rwanda to step-up the role of education in the memorial sites - UNESCOGenocide against the Tutsi: UNESCO and Rwanda to step-up the role of education in the memorial sites  UNESCO

"I can’t think of any other name than Tadej Pogacar" – Tom Dumoulin in no doubt over Rainbow Jersey winner after course recon in Rwanda - CyclingUpToDate.com"I can’t think of any other name than Tadej Pogacar" – Tom Dumoulin in no doubt over Rainbow Jersey winner after course recon in Rwanda  CyclingUpToDate.com

Rwanda’s Travel & Tourism Sector Broke all Records in 2024, reveals WTTC - World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC)Rwanda’s Travel & Tourism Sector Broke all Records in 2024, reveals WTTC  World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC)

HH The Amir, President of Rwanda Discuss Regional and International Developments - ??????? ???????HH The Amir, President of Rwanda Discuss Regional and International Developments  ??????? ???????

DR Congo and Rwanda to sign peace agreement on June 27 - Al JazeeraDR Congo and Rwanda to sign peace agreement on June 27  Al Jazeera

CDC in Rwanda - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | CDC (.gov)CDC in Rwanda  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | CDC (.gov)

DRC’s peace deal with Rwanda risks swapping war for resource exploitation - Al JazeeraDRC’s peace deal with Rwanda risks swapping war for resource exploitation  Al Jazeera

DR Congo-Rwanda peace deal: How Trump wants US companies to cash in - BBCDR Congo-Rwanda peace deal: How Trump wants US companies to cash in  BBC

Aero Contractors Unveils Upgraded MRO at Rwanda Summit - Punch NewspapersAero Contractors Unveils Upgraded MRO at Rwanda Summit  Punch Newspapers

Security Council urges Rwanda to stop supporting M23 in eastern DR Congo - UN NewsSecurity Council urges Rwanda to stop supporting M23 in eastern DR Congo  UN News

Critical Minerals, Fragile Peace: The DRC-Rwanda Deal and the Cost of Ignoring Root Causes - CSIS | Center for Strategic and International StudiesCritical Minerals, Fragile Peace: The DRC-Rwanda Deal and the Cost of Ignoring Root Causes  CSIS | Center for Strategic and International Studies

The DR Congo-Rwanda Deal: Now Comes the Hard Part - International Crisis GroupThe DR Congo-Rwanda Deal: Now Comes the Hard Part  International Crisis Group

Rwanda’s image abroad: how western countries are beginning to turn their backs - The ConversationRwanda’s image abroad: how western countries are beginning to turn their backs  The Conversation

"In the national team there is no rivalry" – Tadej Pogacar chases double Rainbow in Rwanda as Primoz Roglic solely targets road race - CyclingUpToDate.com"In the national team there is no rivalry" – Tadej Pogacar chases double Rainbow in Rwanda as Primoz Roglic solely targets road race  CyclingUpToDate.com

Bayern Munich end Rwanda sponsorship after pressure - DWBayern Munich end Rwanda sponsorship after pressure  DW

Rwanda agrees to take up to 250 migrants deported from the US, spokesperson tells the BBC - BBCRwanda agrees to take up to 250 migrants deported from the US, spokesperson tells the BBC  BBC

Joint Statement on Peace Talks between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda, Mediated by the United States and Observed by the State of Qatar - U.S. Department of State (.gov)Joint Statement on Peace Talks between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda, Mediated by the United States and Observed by the State of Qatar  U.S. Department of State (.gov)

The United States Hosts Signing of Declaration of Principles Between the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Government of Rwanda - U.S. Department of State (.gov)The United States Hosts Signing of Declaration of Principles Between the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Government of Rwanda  U.S. Department of State (.gov)

The Rwanda-DRC peace deal must include the voices of the voiceless - Al JazeeraThe Rwanda-DRC peace deal must include the voices of the voiceless  Al Jazeera

Rwanda president unsure if DRC peace deal will hold, warns against ‘tricks’ - Al JazeeraRwanda president unsure if DRC peace deal will hold, warns against ‘tricks’  Al Jazeera

In Rwanda, the military cemetery keeps expanding - Le Monde.frIn Rwanda, the military cemetery keeps expanding  Le Monde.fr

Mozambique turns to Rwanda again as insurgents regroup in Cabo Delgado - Medafrica TimesMozambique turns to Rwanda again as insurgents regroup in Cabo Delgado  Medafrica Times

HIV and TB Overview: Rwanda - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | CDC (.gov)HIV and TB Overview: Rwanda  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | CDC (.gov)

Rwanda, DR Congo Draft Plan to Revamp Mineral Supply Chains Amid Peace Deal - Barlaman TodayRwanda, DR Congo Draft Plan to Revamp Mineral Supply Chains Amid Peace Deal  Barlaman Today

Kwibuka: Rwanda 1994 - Remembering the genocide against the Tutsi. Photo essay - UNESCOKwibuka: Rwanda 1994 - Remembering the genocide against the Tutsi. Photo essay  UNESCO

Flooding in Sebeya catchment, Rwanda - A review of causes, impacts, and management - ScienceDirect.comFlooding in Sebeya catchment, Rwanda - A review of causes, impacts, and management  ScienceDirect.com

DR Congo, Rwanda agree to draft peace deal by May 2 - Al JazeeraDR Congo, Rwanda agree to draft peace deal by May 2  Al Jazeera

Rwanda must be held accountable | D+C - Development + Cooperation - dandc.euRwanda must be held accountable | D+C - Development + Cooperation  dandc.eu

UN reflects on the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda - UN NewsUN reflects on the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda  UN News

4 things every peace agreement needs – and how the DRC-Rwanda deal measures up - The Conversation4 things every peace agreement needs – and how the DRC-Rwanda deal measures up  The Conversation

Behind the D.R. Congo-Rwanda peace deal: Why Washington is pushing for a bigger role - Business Insider AfricaBehind the D.R. Congo-Rwanda peace deal: Why Washington is pushing for a bigger role  Business Insider Africa

Rwanda vs Angola - Class. 7-8 - FIBA U16 AfroBasket 2025 - fiba.basketballRwanda vs Angola - Class. 7-8 - FIBA U16 AfroBasket 2025  fiba.basketball

Rwanda pulls out of regional bloc over DR Congo row - BBCRwanda pulls out of regional bloc over DR Congo row  BBC

Rwanda and DR Congo agree draft peace deal to end conflict - BBCRwanda and DR Congo agree draft peace deal to end conflict  BBC

Worlds in Rwanda: Why It Matters for Cycling by Katarzyna Niewiadoma Phinney - Škoda We Love CyclingWorlds in Rwanda: Why It Matters for Cycling by Katarzyna Niewiadoma Phinney  Škoda We Love Cycling

DRC and Rwanda to strike Trump-brokered peace deal: All to know - Al JazeeraDRC and Rwanda to strike Trump-brokered peace deal: All to know  Al Jazeera

DRC and Rwanda sign a US-brokered peace deal: what are the chances of its success? - The ConversationDRC and Rwanda sign a US-brokered peace deal: what are the chances of its success?  The Conversation

Scepticism in Goma over peace deal between DR Congo and Rwanda - BBCScepticism in Goma over peace deal between DR Congo and Rwanda  BBC

DR Congo-Rwanda ceasefire deal still faces many challenges - BBCDR Congo-Rwanda ceasefire deal still faces many challenges  BBC

Wetland restoration project underway in Kigali, Rwanda - XinhuaWetland restoration project underway in Kigali, Rwanda  Xinhua

THE FIRST EVER PFL AFRICA SEMIFINALS ARE SET FOR RWANDA - Professional Fighters LeagueTHE FIRST EVER PFL AFRICA SEMIFINALS ARE SET FOR RWANDA  Professional Fighters League

Rwanda-backed rebels parade new recruits raising questions over Congo peace deal - AP NewsRwanda-backed rebels parade new recruits raising questions over Congo peace deal  AP News