Rwanda

Country Rwanda
Capital Kigali
Continent Africa
Currency Rwandan franc(RWF)
Languages Kinyarwanda, French & English

Information

Introduction

In 1959, three years before independence from Belgium, the majority ethnic group, the Hutus, overthrew the ruling Tutsi king. Over the next several years, thousands of Tutsis were killed, and some 150,000 driven into exile in neighboring countries. The children of these exiles later formed a rebel group, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), and began a civil war in 1990. The war, along with several political and economic upheavals, exacerbated ethnic tensions, culminating in April 1994 in the genocide of roughly 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus. The Tutsi rebels defeated the Hutu regime and ended the killing in July 1994, but approximately 2 million Hutu refugees - many fearing Tutsi retribution - fled to neighboring Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zaire. Since then, most of the refugees have returned to Rwanda, but several thousand remained in the neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC; the former Zaire) and formed an extremist insurgency bent on retaking Rwanda, much as the RPF tried in 1990. Rwanda held its first local elections in 1999 and its first post-genocide presidential and legislative elections in 2003. Rwanda in 2009 staged a joint military operation with the Congolese Army in DRC to rout out the Hutu extremist insurgency there and Kigali and Kinshasa restored diplomatic relations. Rwanda also joined the Commonwealth in late 2009.

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References

Rwanda - Wikipedia
Rwanda - CIA World Fact Book
Rwanda - BBC
Rwanda - Timeline - BBC

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What if Rwanda used Nyabarongo II project to spark Africa’s financing revolution?| The New Times - The New TimesWhat if Rwanda used Nyabarongo II project to spark Africa’s financing revolution?| The New Times  The New Times

Arusha: Urwego rwasigaye ruca imanza rwize ku busabe bwo kohereza Félicien Kabuga mu Rwanda - BBCArusha: Urwego rwasigaye ruca imanza rwize ku busabe bwo kohereza Félicien Kabuga mu Rwanda  BBC

Aster Volunteers sends mobile medical units to Rwanda, Uganda - Gulf NewsAster Volunteers sends mobile medical units to Rwanda, Uganda  Gulf News

Bridgevision to honour Rwandan, African authors at Radiate Rwanda Awards 2025| The New Times - The New TimesBridgevision to honour Rwandan, African authors at Radiate Rwanda Awards 2025| The New Times  The New Times

Majority of suicide attempts in Rwanda involve young adults - RBC| The New Times - The New TimesMajority of suicide attempts in Rwanda involve young adults - RBC| The New Times  The New Times

PHOTOS: Rwanda-China ties 'at historic high' as Beijing marks 76th anniversary| The New Times - The New TimesPHOTOS: Rwanda-China ties 'at historic high' as Beijing marks 76th anniversary| The New Times  The New Times

Rwanda among 10 countries to benefit from new research on youth unemployment| The New Times - The New TimesRwanda among 10 countries to benefit from new research on youth unemployment| The New Times  The New Times

Rwanda, Liberia ink visa waiver, cooperation agreements| The New Times - The New TimesRwanda, Liberia ink visa waiver, cooperation agreements| The New Times  The New Times

Rwanda condemns Israeli strike in Doha| The New Times - The New TimesRwanda condemns Israeli strike in Doha| The New Times  The New Times

Rwanda to dismantle, recycle 7,000 unlicenced slot machines| The New Times - The New TimesRwanda to dismantle, recycle 7,000 unlicenced slot machines| The New Times  The New Times

Why does peace seem so elusive to eastern DRC? | Explained - The HinduWhy does peace seem so elusive to eastern DRC? | Explained  The Hindu

Tanzania vs Rwanda - Class. 7-8 - FIBA U16 Women's AfroBasket 2025 - fiba.basketballTanzania vs Rwanda - Class. 7-8 - FIBA U16 Women's AfroBasket 2025  fiba.basketball

‘We Won’t Stop Worshiping’ - Christianity Today‘We Won’t Stop Worshiping’  Christianity Today

Kenya, Rwanda condemn Israel's strike on Doha - TRT EspañolKenya, Rwanda condemn Israel's strike on Doha  TRT Español

Kenya v Rwanda | Match Highlights | ICC Women's T20 WC Africa Qualifier Division 1 - ICCKenya v Rwanda | Match Highlights | ICC Women's T20 WC Africa Qualifier Division 1  ICC

Rwanda Launches Africa’s First Self-Flying Taxi - CIO AfricaRwanda Launches Africa’s First Self-Flying Taxi  CIO Africa

Rwanda-US migrant deal's first group of deportees arrive, says spokesperson - BBCRwanda-US migrant deal's first group of deportees arrive, says spokesperson  BBC

Chinese flying taxi takes to the skies in Africa as firms eye global roll-out - South China Morning PostChinese flying taxi takes to the skies in Africa as firms eye global roll-out  South China Morning Post

Coopérative U sets foot in Rwanda - RetailDetail EUCoopérative U sets foot in Rwanda  RetailDetail EU

Are African countries aware of their own mineral wealth? Ghana and Rwanda offer two very different answers - The ConversationAre African countries aware of their own mineral wealth? Ghana and Rwanda offer two very different answers  The Conversation

Clarisse Agbegnenou Inspires Young Rwandan Judoka / IJF.org - IJFClarisse Agbegnenou Inspires Young Rwandan Judoka / IJF.org  IJF

DRC, Rwanda agree economic framework outline as part of peace deal - Al JazeeraDRC, Rwanda agree economic framework outline as part of peace deal  Al Jazeera

Club Atlético de Madrid - We took part in the gorilla naming ceremony in Rwanda - Página oficial del Atlético de MadridClub Atlético de Madrid - We took part in the gorilla naming ceremony in Rwanda  Página oficial del Atlético de Madrid

Rwanda leads the way in African aviation: The role of Rwanda Airports Company in driving change across the continent - Regional GatewayRwanda leads the way in African aviation: The role of Rwanda Airports Company in driving change across the continent  Regional Gateway

Rwanda launches maize, soybean value chains initiative - New Business EthiopiaRwanda launches maize, soybean value chains initiative  New Business Ethiopia

Nigeria keeps World Cup hopes alive with 1-0 win over Rwanda - SportstarNigeria keeps World Cup hopes alive with 1-0 win over Rwanda  Sportstar

The Hymns Still Rise in Rwanda, but They Do So Quietly Now - Christianity TodayThe Hymns Still Rise in Rwanda, but They Do So Quietly Now  Christianity Today

Rwanda vs Côte d'Ivoire - Quarter-Finals - FIBA U16 Women's AfroBasket 2025 - fiba.basketballRwanda vs Côte d'Ivoire - Quarter-Finals - FIBA U16 Women's AfroBasket 2025  fiba.basketball

Explainer: Rwanda’s baby gorilla naming ceremony, story behind annual event - Anadolu AjansiExplainer: Rwanda’s baby gorilla naming ceremony, story behind annual event  Anadolu Ajansi

Rwanda-backed rebels massacred civilians in Congo, Human Rights Watch says - ReutersRwanda-backed rebels massacred civilians in Congo, Human Rights Watch says  Reuters

2024 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Rwanda - U.S. Department of State (.gov)2024 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Rwanda  U.S. Department of State (.gov)

Nigeria vs Rwanda highlights: Tolu Arokodare help Nigeria win Rwanda for Fifa World Cup qualifiers game for Uyo - BBCNigeria vs Rwanda highlights: Tolu Arokodare help Nigeria win Rwanda for Fifa World Cup qualifiers game for Uyo  BBC

In Africa’s first, Rwanda bets on flying taxis to rise above gridlock - The EastAfricanIn Africa’s first, Rwanda bets on flying taxis to rise above gridlock  The EastAfrican

International Day of Reflection on the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda - UNESCOInternational Day of Reflection on the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda  UNESCO

Overcrowding kills infant gorillas in Rwanda habitat - Phys.orgOvercrowding kills infant gorillas in Rwanda habitat  Phys.org

China's flying taxi makes first flight in Africa - NewsBytesChina's flying taxi makes first flight in Africa  NewsBytes

Rwanda accepts seven people from US as part of deportation deal - The GuardianRwanda accepts seven people from US as part of deportation deal  The Guardian

DR Congo and Rwanda hold first talks since signing of peace deal - Al JazeeraDR Congo and Rwanda hold first talks since signing of peace deal  Al Jazeera

IATA Lauds Rwanda's Accelerated Effort To Become Africa’s Aviation Hub - Aviation Week NetworkIATA Lauds Rwanda's Accelerated Effort To Become Africa’s Aviation Hub  Aviation Week Network

Rwanda: Lt Gen Innocent Kabandana wa RDF wapfuye yari muntu ki? - BBCRwanda: Lt Gen Innocent Kabandana wa RDF wapfuye yari muntu ki?  BBC

Decades After Genocide, Rwanda Emerges as Aggressive Regional Power - The Wall Street JournalDecades After Genocide, Rwanda Emerges as Aggressive Regional Power  The Wall Street Journal

Rwanda agrees to take up to 250 migrants deported from the US, spokesperson tells the BBC - BBCRwanda agrees to take up to 250 migrants deported from the US, spokesperson tells the BBC  BBC

Isaac del Toro’s Italian Hat-Trick Puts Him on Collision Course With Pogacar for Worlds in Rwanda - Outside MagazineIsaac del Toro’s Italian Hat-Trick Puts Him on Collision Course With Pogacar for Worlds in Rwanda  Outside Magazine

Interview: Global South needs strong, collective voice, says Rwandan media CEO - XinhuaInterview: Global South needs strong, collective voice, says Rwandan media CEO  Xinhua

Armed militia kill hundreds in eastern DR Congo - UN NewsArmed militia kill hundreds in eastern DR Congo  UN News

Bayern Munich end Rwanda sponsorship after pressure - DWBayern Munich end Rwanda sponsorship after pressure  DW

DR Congo, Rwanda sign peace deal in ‘turning point’ after years of conflict - Al JazeeraDR Congo, Rwanda sign peace deal in ‘turning point’ after years of conflict  Al Jazeera

Genocide against the Tutsi: UNESCO and Rwanda to step-up the role of education in the memorial sites - UNESCOGenocide against the Tutsi: UNESCO and Rwanda to step-up the role of education in the memorial sites  UNESCO

Rwanda’s Travel & Tourism Sector Broke all Records in 2024, reveals WTTC - World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC)Rwanda’s Travel & Tourism Sector Broke all Records in 2024, reveals WTTC  World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC)

UN experts cast blame on Rwanda and Uganda. What are they doing in DRC? - Al JazeeraUN experts cast blame on Rwanda and Uganda. What are they doing in DRC?  Al Jazeera

DR Congo's M23 conflict: What is the fighting about and is Rwanda involved? - BBCDR Congo's M23 conflict: What is the fighting about and is Rwanda involved?  BBC

Turning point or pointless turn: Will DR Congo-Rwanda deal bring peace? - Al JazeeraTurning point or pointless turn: Will DR Congo-Rwanda deal bring peace?  Al Jazeera

DR Congo irashinja u Rwanda gushaka kwiyomekaho ikirwa Idjwi cyo mu kiyaga cya Kivu - BBCDR Congo irashinja u Rwanda gushaka kwiyomekaho ikirwa Idjwi cyo mu kiyaga cya Kivu  BBC

Nigeria beats Rwanda to keep World Cup hopes alive - beIN SPORTSNigeria beats Rwanda to keep World Cup hopes alive  beIN SPORTS

Submission to the Universal Periodic Review of Rwanda - Human Rights WatchSubmission to the Universal Periodic Review of Rwanda  Human Rights Watch

How rising heat is changing mountain gorilla behaviour - The EastAfricanHow rising heat is changing mountain gorilla behaviour  The EastAfrican

DR Congo and Rwanda to sign peace agreement on June 27 - Al JazeeraDR Congo and Rwanda to sign peace agreement on June 27  Al Jazeera

Rwanda's gorilla naming ceremony celebrates 40 newborns - XinhuaRwanda's gorilla naming ceremony celebrates 40 newborns  Xinhua

World Cup 2026: Zimbabwe falls to Rwanda - Foot AfricaWorld Cup 2026: Zimbabwe falls to Rwanda  Foot Africa

Rwanda president unsure if DRC peace deal will hold, warns against ‘tricks’ - Al JazeeraRwanda president unsure if DRC peace deal will hold, warns against ‘tricks’  Al Jazeera

News | Groupe Duval and Coopérative U sign a partnership in Rwanda - CoStarNews | Groupe Duval and Coopérative U sign a partnership in Rwanda  CoStar

World Cup 2026 (Q): Zimbabwe vs Rwanda, a duel to salvage pride - Foot AfricaWorld Cup 2026 (Q): Zimbabwe vs Rwanda, a duel to salvage pride  Foot Africa

DR Congo-Rwanda peace deal: How Trump wants US companies to cash in - BBCDR Congo-Rwanda peace deal: How Trump wants US companies to cash in  BBC

Security Council urges Rwanda to stop supporting M23 in eastern DR Congo - UN NewsSecurity Council urges Rwanda to stop supporting M23 in eastern DR Congo  UN News

The west ignores Rwanda’s dark side – and political prisoners like my mother pay the price | Rémy Amahirwa - The GuardianThe west ignores Rwanda’s dark side – and political prisoners like my mother pay the price | Rémy Amahirwa  The Guardian

Rwanda’s image abroad: how western countries are beginning to turn their backs - The ConversationRwanda’s image abroad: how western countries are beginning to turn their backs  The Conversation

FIFA World Cup FIFAWCQ: Zimbabwe Vs Rwanda Confirmed Lineups - Africa Top SportsFIFA World Cup FIFAWCQ: Zimbabwe Vs Rwanda Confirmed Lineups  Africa Top Sports

Rwanda's Marburg outbreak had lowest death rate, study finds| The New Times - The New TimesRwanda's Marburg outbreak had lowest death rate, study finds| The New Times  The New Times

CDC in Rwanda | Global Health | CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | CDC (.gov)CDC in Rwanda | Global Health | CDC  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | CDC (.gov)

Sudan, Congo, and You - Foreign PolicySudan, Congo, and You  Foreign Policy

DRC’s peace deal with Rwanda risks swapping war for resource exploitation - Al JazeeraDRC’s peace deal with Rwanda risks swapping war for resource exploitation  Al Jazeera

French judges dismiss genocide case against Rwanda's former first lady - France 24French judges dismiss genocide case against Rwanda's former first lady  France 24

China's EHang Flies Pilotless EH216-S eVTOL Aircraft in Africa - Aviation International NewsChina's EHang Flies Pilotless EH216-S eVTOL Aircraft in Africa  Aviation International News

THE FIRST EVER PFL AFRICA SEMIFINALS ARE SET FOR RWANDA - PFLTHE FIRST EVER PFL AFRICA SEMIFINALS ARE SET FOR RWANDA  PFL

Rwanda-backed rebels killed over 140 civilians in eastern Congo, rights group says - NBC NewsRwanda-backed rebels killed over 140 civilians in eastern Congo, rights group says  NBC News

Joint Statement on Peace Talks between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda, Mediated by the United States and Observed by the State of Qatar - U.S. Department of State (.gov)Joint Statement on Peace Talks between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda, Mediated by the United States and Observed by the State of Qatar  U.S. Department of State (.gov)

New center offers hope for formerly incarcerated women in Rwanda - Church NewsNew center offers hope for formerly incarcerated women in Rwanda  Church News

Critical Minerals, Fragile Peace: The DRC-Rwanda Deal and the Cost of Ignoring Root Causes - CSIS | Center for Strategic and International StudiesCritical Minerals, Fragile Peace: The DRC-Rwanda Deal and the Cost of Ignoring Root Causes  CSIS | Center for Strategic and International Studies

Ceasefire in doubt as Rwanda-backed rebels kill hundreds in eastern DR Congo - Department of Political and Peacebuilding AffairsCeasefire in doubt as Rwanda-backed rebels kill hundreds in eastern DR Congo  Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs

The United States Hosts Signing of Declaration of Principles Between the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Government of Rwanda - U.S. Department of State (.gov)The United States Hosts Signing of Declaration of Principles Between the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Government of Rwanda  U.S. Department of State (.gov)

The Rwanda-DRC peace deal must include the voices of the voiceless - Al JazeeraThe Rwanda-DRC peace deal must include the voices of the voiceless  Al Jazeera

The DR Congo-Rwanda Deal: Now Comes the Hard Part - International Crisis GroupThe DR Congo-Rwanda Deal: Now Comes the Hard Part  International Crisis Group

Rwanda: Umukuru wa UNHCR avuga ko impunzi za DR Congo ziteguye gutaha umutekano nuboneka - BBCRwanda: Umukuru wa UNHCR avuga ko impunzi za DR Congo ziteguye gutaha umutekano nuboneka  BBC

HIV and TB Overview: Rwanda - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | CDC (.gov)HIV and TB Overview: Rwanda  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | CDC (.gov)

At least 140 killed by Rwanda-backed rebels in eastern DR Congo, rights group says - France 24At least 140 killed by Rwanda-backed rebels in eastern DR Congo, rights group says  France 24

Highlights and goal: Zimbabwe 0-1 Rwanda in 2026 World Cup Qualifiers - VAVEL.comHighlights and goal: Zimbabwe 0-1 Rwanda in 2026 World Cup Qualifiers  VAVEL.com

Scepticism in Goma over peace deal between DR Congo and Rwanda - BBCScepticism in Goma over peace deal between DR Congo and Rwanda  BBC

Rwanda government celebrates 20th gorilla naming ceremony - Dhaka TribuneRwanda government celebrates 20th gorilla naming ceremony  Dhaka Tribune

Rwanda pulls out of regional bloc over DR Congo row - BBCRwanda pulls out of regional bloc over DR Congo row  BBC

DRC and Rwanda to strike Trump-brokered peace deal: All to know - Al JazeeraDRC and Rwanda to strike Trump-brokered peace deal: All to know  Al Jazeera

Rwanda Blasts 'Baseless' Genocide Allegations At UN Human Rights Council - allAfrica.comRwanda Blasts 'Baseless' Genocide Allegations At UN Human Rights Council  allAfrica.com

Bayern Munich veers from Rwanda sponsorship after criticism - Al JazeeraBayern Munich veers from Rwanda sponsorship after criticism  Al Jazeera

DR Congo, Rwanda agree to draft peace deal by May 2 - Al JazeeraDR Congo, Rwanda agree to draft peace deal by May 2  Al Jazeera

Rwanda Bets On Drones, Launches Air Taxi - allAfrica.comRwanda Bets On Drones, Launches Air Taxi  allAfrica.com

Kwibuka: Rwanda 1994 - Remembering the genocide against the Tutsi. Photo essay - UNESCOKwibuka: Rwanda 1994 - Remembering the genocide against the Tutsi. Photo essay  UNESCO

Liberia, Rwanda Seal Pacts to Enhance Visa-Free Travel, Trade - liberianobserver.comLiberia, Rwanda Seal Pacts to Enhance Visa-Free Travel, Trade  liberianobserver.com

The long arm of Kigali: Rwanda’s use of organized crime for geopolitical interests - Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime (GI-TOC)The long arm of Kigali: Rwanda’s use of organized crime for geopolitical interests  Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime (GI-TOC)

Rwanda-backed rebels killed more than 140 civilians in eastern Congo, rights group says - PBSRwanda-backed rebels killed more than 140 civilians in eastern Congo, rights group says  PBS

DR Congo-Rwanda ceasefire deal still faces many challenges - BBCDR Congo-Rwanda ceasefire deal still faces many challenges  BBC

Experts react: The DRC and Rwanda agreed to a US-backed peace deal. Can critical minerals help end this conflict? - Atlantic CouncilExperts react: The DRC and Rwanda agreed to a US-backed peace deal. Can critical minerals help end this conflict?  Atlantic Council