Somalia

Country Somalia
Capital Mogadishu
Continent Africa
Currency Somali Shilling(SOS)
Languages Somali & Arabic

Mogadishu

Information

Introduction

Britain withdrew from British Somaliland in 1960 to allow its protectorate to join with Italian Somaliland and form the new nation of Somalia. In 1969, a coup headed by Mohamed SIAD Barre ushered in an authoritarian socialist rule that managed to impose a degree of stability in the country for more than two decades. After the regime's collapse early in 1991, Somalia descended into turmoil, factional fighting, and anarchy. In May 1991, northern clans declared an independent Republic of Somaliland that now includes the administrative regions of Awdal, Woqooyi Galbeed, Togdheer, Sanaag, and Sool. Although not recognized by any government, this entity has maintained a stable existence and continues efforts to establish a constitutional democracy, including holding municipal, parliamentary, and presidential elections. The regions of Bari, Nugaal, and northern Mudug comprise a neighboring semi-autonomous state of Puntland, which has been self-governing since 1998 but does not aim at independence; it has also made strides toward reconstructing a legitimate, representative government but has suffered some civil strife. Puntland disputes its border with Somaliland as it also claims portions of eastern Sool and Sanaag. Beginning in 1993, a two-year UN humanitarian effort (primarily in the south) was able to alleviate famine conditions, but when the UN withdrew in 1995, having suffered significant casualties, order still had not been restored. A two-year peace process, led by the Government of Kenya under the auspices of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), concluded in October 2004 with the election of Abdullahi YUSUF Ahmed as President of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) of Somalia and the formation of an interim government, known as the Somalia Transitional Federal Institutions (TFIs). The TFIs included a 275-member parliamentary body, known as the Transitional Federal Assembly (TFA). President YUSUF resigned late in 2008 while United Nations-sponsored talks between the TFG and the opposition Alliance for the Re-Liberation of Somalia (ARS) were underway in Djibouti. In January 2009, following the creation of a TFG-ARS unity government, Ethiopian military forces, which had entered Somalia in December 2006 to support the TFG in the face of advances by the opposition Islamic Courts Union (ICU), withdrew from the country. The TFA was increased to 550 seats with the addition of 200 ARS and 75 civil society members of parliament. The expanded parliament elected Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed, the former CIC and ARS chairman as president on 31 January 2009, in Djibouti. Subsequently, President SHARIF appointed Omar Abdirashid ali SHARMARKE, son of a former president of Somalia, as prime minister on 13 February 2009. The TFIs are based on the Transitional Federal Charter (TFC), which outlines a five-year mandate leading to the establishment of a new Somali constitution and a transition to a representative government following national elections. However, in January 2009 the TFA amended the TFC to extend TFG's mandate until 2011. While its institutions remain weak, the TFG continues to reach out to Somali stakeholders and to work with international donors to help build the governance capacity of the TFIs and to work toward national elections in 2011.

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References

Somalia - Wikipedia
Somalia - CIA World Fact Book
Somalia - BBC
Somalia - Timeline - BBC

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News Headlines

Google News
Indian navy captures ship from Somali pirates, rescues crew - DW (English)
  1. Indian navy captures ship from Somali pirates, rescues crew  DW (English)
  2. Indian navy captures ship from Somali pirates, rescuing 17 crew members  Al Jazeera English
  3. Navy to bring 35 Somali pirates to India for prosecution  The Times of India


Somalia Situation Report, 17 Mar 2024 - Somalia - ReliefWebSomalia Situation Report, 17 Mar 2024 - Somalia  ReliefWeb

Somali forces, foreign navies prepare attack on hijacked ship, police say - ReutersSomali forces, foreign navies prepare attack on hijacked ship, police say  Reuters

??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? - Dinamalar??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????????  Dinamalar

Congress counters Modi's south push: 'PM paid little attention to TN, compared Kerala to Somalia' - The WeekCongress counters Modi's south push: 'PM paid little attention to TN, compared Kerala to Somalia'  The Week

?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????, ???????? ?? 35 ????????? ?? ???? ?????????? - India TV Hindi?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????, ???????? ?? 35 ????????? ?? ???? ??????????  India TV Hindi

Why Somalia has so many pirates? As Indian Navy rescues another ship, read how Somali pirates came to be a menace in the Indian Ocean - OpIndiaWhy Somalia has so many pirates? As Indian Navy rescues another ship, read how Somali pirates came to be a menace in the Indian Ocean  OpIndia

Al Shabaab lays siege to hotel in Somalia; 3 killed - DAWN.comAl Shabaab lays siege to hotel in Somalia; 3 killed  DAWN.com

Indian Navy ?? Somalia ??? Sea Pirates ?? ??? ????? | Indian Army | WAR | Houthi Rebels | N18V - News18 ?????Indian Navy ?? Somalia ??? Sea Pirates ?? ??? ????? | Indian Army | WAR | Houthi Rebels | N18V  News18 ?????

Preview: Somalia vs. Eswatini - prediction, team news, lineups - Sports MolePreview: Somalia vs. Eswatini - prediction, team news, lineups  Sports Mole

Will Modi apologise to Kerala for comparing state to Somalia, asks Congress | India News - OnmanoramaWill Modi apologise to Kerala for comparing state to Somalia, asks Congress | India News  Onmanorama

Modi holds massive roadshow in Kerala; Congress asks PM to apologise for 2016 'Somalia' remark on state - Deccan HeraldModi holds massive roadshow in Kerala; Congress asks PM to apologise for 2016 'Somalia' remark on state  Deccan Herald

IPL 2024 in Somalia: Where to watch Indian Premier League? - The Economic TimesIPL 2024 in Somalia: Where to watch Indian Premier League?  The Economic Times

Emirati Military Support Is Making a Difference in Somalia - The Washington InstituteEmirati Military Support Is Making a Difference in Somalia  The Washington Institute

Indian Navy thwarts another piracy attack on Bangladesh-flagged vessel off Somalia coast - The Times of IndiaIndian Navy thwarts another piracy attack on Bangladesh-flagged vessel off Somalia coast  The Times of India

3 dead and dozens injured in hotel attack close to Somalia’s presidential palace - CNN3 dead and dozens injured in hotel attack close to Somalia’s presidential palace  CNN

Somalia has 99% of $2bn debt cancelled in major boost to fragile recovery - The GuardianSomalia has 99% of $2bn debt cancelled in major boost to fragile recovery  The Guardian

3 Killed, 27 Injured After Terrorists Attack Hotel In Somalia's Mogadishu - NDTV3 Killed, 27 Injured After Terrorists Attack Hotel In Somalia's Mogadishu  NDTV

All 5 attackers killed, ending Somalia hotel siege in which 3 soldiers died - ABC NewsAll 5 attackers killed, ending Somalia hotel siege in which 3 soldiers died  ABC News

Somalia: Unlawful appointment of Media Council threatens press freedom - IFJ - International Federation of JournalistsSomalia: Unlawful appointment of Media Council threatens press freedom - IFJ  International Federation of Journalists

Indian Navy thwarts pirates' attack on Bangladeshi vessel near Somalia - India TodayIndian Navy thwarts pirates' attack on Bangladeshi vessel near Somalia  India Today

Somalia, India: Indian Navy Rescues Hijacked Bulk Carrier - Stratfor WorldviewSomalia, India: Indian Navy Rescues Hijacked Bulk Carrier  Stratfor Worldview

Indian Navy saves Bangladesh-flagged ship from pirate attack off Somalia coast - FirstpostIndian Navy saves Bangladesh-flagged ship from pirate attack off Somalia coast  Firstpost

Indian Navy Foils Hijack Attempts By Pirates Off East Coast Of Somalia - ABP LiveIndian Navy Foils Hijack Attempts By Pirates Off East Coast Of Somalia  ABP Live

Somalia: Islamist group claims new attack in the country's capital - Le MondeSomalia: Islamist group claims new attack in the country's capital  Le Monde

Key Questions on Somalia - International Monetary FundKey Questions on Somalia  International Monetary Fund

India's navy frees ship hijacked by Somali pirates - Financial TimesIndia's navy frees ship hijacked by Somali pirates  Financial Times

Pirates seize control of cargo ship near Somalia, say owners - Al Jazeera EnglishPirates seize control of cargo ship near Somalia, say owners  Al Jazeera English

Beyond Ethiopia & Somaliland, Turkey-Somalia defense deal fuels UAE rivalry - Al-MonitorBeyond Ethiopia & Somaliland, Turkey-Somalia defense deal fuels UAE rivalry  Al-Monitor

Bangladeshi Cargo Ship 'Hijacked' in Indian Ocean, Vessel Now Heading Towards Somalia - News18Bangladeshi Cargo Ship 'Hijacked' in Indian Ocean, Vessel Now Heading Towards Somalia  News18

Twenty armed people board cargo ship off Somalia, security firm says - ReutersTwenty armed people board cargo ship off Somalia, security firm says  Reuters

UN crime prevention chief pledges enhanced cooperation in Somalia - UN NewsUN crime prevention chief pledges enhanced cooperation in Somalia  UN News

Red Sea politics: why Turkey is helping Somalia defend its waters - The ConversationRed Sea politics: why Turkey is helping Somalia defend its waters  The Conversation

35 Pirates Surrender After Indian Navy Foils Hijack Bid Off East Coast Of Somalia - ABP Live35 Pirates Surrender After Indian Navy Foils Hijack Bid Off East Coast Of Somalia  ABP Live

Towards an Integrated Approach to Climate Security and Peacebuilding in Somalia - SIPRITowards an Integrated Approach to Climate Security and Peacebuilding in Somalia  SIPRI

Bulk carrier with 23 crew hijacked off Somalia - Splash247 - Splash 247Bulk carrier with 23 crew hijacked off Somalia - Splash247  Splash 247

Somalia country profile - BBC.comSomalia country profile  BBC.com

India's navy takes control of bulk carrier hijacked by Somali pirates and evacuates crew - The Associated PressIndia's navy takes control of bulk carrier hijacked by Somali pirates and evacuates crew  The Associated Press

Pirates plan more attacks as abducted Bangladeshi bulk carrier moors off Somalia - Splash247 - Splash 247Pirates plan more attacks as abducted Bangladeshi bulk carrier moors off Somalia - Splash247  Splash 247

Somalia - European Commission - European UnionSomalia - European Commission  European Union

Indian navy recaptures Somali pirate ship and frees crew - The GuardianIndian navy recaptures Somali pirate ship and frees crew  The Guardian

Al-Shabab fighters killed as overnight siege of Mogadishu hotel ends - Al Jazeera EnglishAl-Shabab fighters killed as overnight siege of Mogadishu hotel ends  Al Jazeera English

8 killed As Somalia Forces End Al-Shabab Attack On Mogadishu Hotel - Strategic News Global8 killed As Somalia Forces End Al-Shabab Attack On Mogadishu Hotel  Strategic News Global

UN committed to help Somalia deliver 'for its people' - UN NewsUN committed to help Somalia deliver 'for its people'  UN News

Shabab Militants Lay Siege to Hotel in Somali Capital - The New York TimesShabab Militants Lay Siege to Hotel in Somali Capital  The New York Times

WATCH: 35 Somali Pirates Surrender Before Indian Navy Off East Coast Of Somalia - Times NowWATCH: 35 Somali Pirates Surrender Before Indian Navy Off East Coast Of Somalia  Times Now

Bulker Anchors off Somalia as Pirates are Reported on the Prowl for Targets - The Maritime ExecutiveBulker Anchors off Somalia as Pirates are Reported on the Prowl for Targets  The Maritime Executive

Indian Navy rescues hijacked bulker Ruen from Somali pirates - Lloyd's ListIndian Navy rescues hijacked bulker Ruen from Somali pirates  Lloyd's List

Indian Navy intercepts Somali pirates on board ship hijacked 3 months ago - Business StandardIndian Navy intercepts Somali pirates on board ship hijacked 3 months ago  Business Standard

Somali Pirate Threat Remains After RUEN Release - gCaptainSomali Pirate Threat Remains After RUEN Release  gCaptain

ECHO funds help provide lifesaving health supplies and services to over 5 million population across drought-affected ... - ReliefWebECHO funds help provide lifesaving health supplies and services to over 5 million population across drought-affected ...  ReliefWeb

Security in the Horn of Africa: A Discussion with Somalia's Deputy Prime Minister - CSIS | Center for Strategic and International StudiesSecurity in the Horn of Africa: A Discussion with Somalia's Deputy Prime Minister  CSIS | Center for Strategic and International Studies

New US Airstrike in Somalia Kills Three al-Shabab Fighters - Voice of America - VOA NewsNew US Airstrike in Somalia Kills Three al-Shabab Fighters  Voice of America - VOA News

World Report 2024: Somalia - Human Rights WatchWorld Report 2024: Somalia  Human Rights Watch

Pirates Want $5M and Threaten to Kill Crew as Bulker is Taken to Somalia - The Maritime ExecutivePirates Want $5M and Threaten to Kill Crew as Bulker is Taken to Somalia  The Maritime Executive

Who is Ilhan Omar? US Congresswoman faces deportation call over Somalia speech - Hindustan TimesWho is Ilhan Omar? US Congresswoman faces deportation call over Somalia speech  Hindustan Times

Egypt’s el-Sisi says Cairo will not allow any threat to Somalia - Al Jazeera EnglishEgypt’s el-Sisi says Cairo will not allow any threat to Somalia  Al Jazeera English

Somalia turns back Ethiopian plane headed for Somaliland - BBC.comSomalia turns back Ethiopian plane headed for Somaliland  BBC.com

Indian Navy Foils Piracy Attack On Bangladeshi-Flagged Vessel Off Somalia Coast - Times NowIndian Navy Foils Piracy Attack On Bangladeshi-Flagged Vessel Off Somalia Coast  Times Now

Somalia officially joins East Africa trade bloc - Al Jazeera EnglishSomalia officially joins East Africa trade bloc  Al Jazeera English

TCAS incident highlights ongoing issues in Somalia airspace - Flightradar24 BlogTCAS incident highlights ongoing issues in Somalia airspace  Flightradar24 Blog

Somalia seeks solutions despite anger at Ethiopia-Somaliland deal - The Africa ReportSomalia seeks solutions despite anger at Ethiopia-Somaliland deal  The Africa Report

Turkey Faces Balancing Act With Somalia, Ethiopia - Voice of America - VOA NewsTurkey Faces Balancing Act With Somalia, Ethiopia  Voice of America - VOA News

How Türkiye's contributing to national development in Somalia | Daily Sabah - Daily SabahHow Türkiye's contributing to national development in Somalia | Daily Sabah  Daily Sabah

Somalia's Quest for Progress Unveiled Through Data - World Bank GroupSomalia's Quest for Progress Unveiled Through Data  World Bank Group

Fleeing Somalia's catastrophic drought - European Commission - European UnionFleeing Somalia's catastrophic drought - European Commission  European Union

Who Could Have Predicted the U.S. War in Somalia Would Fail? The Pentagon. - The InterceptWho Could Have Predicted the U.S. War in Somalia Would Fail? The Pentagon.  The Intercept

Indian Navy thwarts piracy attack off Somalia coast, ensures safety of Bangladeshi nationals on board - WIONIndian Navy thwarts piracy attack off Somalia coast, ensures safety of Bangladeshi nationals on board  WION

Inside Somalia’s War on Al-Shabab Disinformation - Voice of America - VOA NewsInside Somalia’s War on Al-Shabab Disinformation  Voice of America - VOA News

Al-Shabab claims attack on UAE military in Somalia - Al Jazeera EnglishAl-Shabab claims attack on UAE military in Somalia  Al Jazeera English

Climate risks to resilience and food security in Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance Geographies: Somalia - Somalia - ReliefWebClimate risks to resilience and food security in Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance Geographies: Somalia - Somalia  ReliefWeb

Somalia's Syl hotel attacked by al-Shabab fighters in Mogadishu - BBCSomalia's Syl hotel attacked by al-Shabab fighters in Mogadishu  BBC

Somalia-Türkiye maritime security partnership faces stormy waters - Institute for Security StudiesSomalia-Türkiye maritime security partnership faces stormy waters  Institute for Security Studies

IntelBrief: Somalia-Türkiye Defense Deal and the Regional Implications for East Africa - The Soufan CenterIntelBrief: Somalia-Türkiye Defense Deal and the Regional Implications for East Africa  The Soufan Center

How Somalia's defence deal with Turkey torpedoed a rival UAE agreement - Middle East EyeHow Somalia's defence deal with Turkey torpedoed a rival UAE agreement  Middle East Eye

United Nation Women Somalia trains civil society on gender in humanitarian Action - Africa.comUnited Nation Women Somalia trains civil society on gender in humanitarian Action  Africa.com

United Nations helicopter carrying weapons makes emergency landing in Somalia, captured by militant group al-Shabaab - The Times of IndiaUnited Nations helicopter carrying weapons makes emergency landing in Somalia, captured by militant group al-Shabaab  The Times of India

Somalia conflict: UN helicopter and passengers seized by al-Shabab - BBC.comSomalia conflict: UN helicopter and passengers seized by al-Shabab  BBC.com

Somalia rejects mediation with Ethiopia gov’t over Somaliland port deal - Al Jazeera EnglishSomalia rejects mediation with Ethiopia gov’t over Somaliland port deal  Al Jazeera English

Coastal Somalia - nasa.govCoastal Somalia  nasa.gov

Somalia: Al-Shabab attack on top Mogadishu hotel ends - DW (English)Somalia: Al-Shabab attack on top Mogadishu hotel ends  DW (English)

Armed gang board cargo ship off Somalia, security firm says - NBC NewsArmed gang board cargo ship off Somalia, security firm says  NBC News

Somalia conflict: Seized UN helicopter hit by object - source - BBC.comSomalia conflict: Seized UN helicopter hit by object - source  BBC.com

With Somalia naval defense deal, Turkey eyes power projection, future business: Analysts - Breaking DefenseWith Somalia naval defense deal, Turkey eyes power projection, future business: Analysts  Breaking Defense

Indian Navy Foils Pirate Hijacking; Rescue Mission Saves 23 Hostages Aboard MV Abdullah Off Somalia Coast - Free Press JournalIndian Navy Foils Pirate Hijacking; Rescue Mission Saves 23 Hostages Aboard MV Abdullah Off Somalia Coast  Free Press Journal

Hijacked Malta-flagged ship Ruen spotted near Somalia: Ambrey - Al Arabiya EnglishHijacked Malta-flagged ship Ruen spotted near Somalia: Ambrey  Al Arabiya English

From drought to floods: climate extremes drive Somalia hunger crisis | World Food Programme - WFPFrom drought to floods: climate extremes drive Somalia hunger crisis | World Food Programme  WFP

War-ravaged Somalia takes a big step towards normality - The EconomistWar-ravaged Somalia takes a big step towards normality  The Economist

Somalia Refugee Crisis Explained - USA for UNHCRSomalia Refugee Crisis Explained  USA for UNHCR

Somalia president accuses Ethiopia of trying to annex part of its territory - Al Jazeera EnglishSomalia president accuses Ethiopia of trying to annex part of its territory  Al Jazeera English

Somalia president signs law nullifying Ethiopia-Somaliland port deal - ReutersSomalia president signs law nullifying Ethiopia-Somaliland port deal  Reuters

At least 3 soldiers killed in Somalia hotel attack - XinhuaAt least 3 soldiers killed in Somalia hotel attack  Xinhua

Somalia joins the East African Community - BBC.comSomalia joins the East African Community  BBC.com

Once-in-a-century flooding swamps Somalia after historic drought -UN - ReutersOnce-in-a-century flooding swamps Somalia after historic drought -UN  Reuters

Somalia has joined the EAC regional bloc. What happens next? - Al Jazeera EnglishSomalia has joined the EAC regional bloc. What happens next?  Al Jazeera English

Somalia Monthly Humanitarian Update, February 2024 - Somalia - ReliefWebSomalia Monthly Humanitarian Update, February 2024 - Somalia  ReliefWeb

Ethiopia, Somalia dispute won't transform into turmoil for the Horn of Africa | Daily Sabah - Daily SabahEthiopia, Somalia dispute won't transform into turmoil for the Horn of Africa | Daily Sabah  Daily Sabah

Dozens dead and thousands trapped in Somalia’s ‘worst floods in decades’ - Al Jazeera EnglishDozens dead and thousands trapped in Somalia’s ‘worst floods in decades’  Al Jazeera English

Somalia floods kill 50 people, nearly 700,000 displaced: Disaster agency - Al Jazeera EnglishSomalia floods kill 50 people, nearly 700,000 displaced: Disaster agency  Al Jazeera English

Killing of three women in a week sparks femicide protests in Somalia - The GuardianKilling of three women in a week sparks femicide protests in Somalia  The Guardian