Russia

Country Russia
Capital Moscow
Continent Asia
Currency Russian ruble(RUB)
Languages Russian

Information

Introduction

Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of Muscovy, was able to emerge from over 200 years of Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding principalities. In the early 17th century, a new Romanov Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. Under PETER I (ruled 1682-1725), hegemony was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country was renamed the Russian Empire. During the 19th century, more territorial acquisitions were made in Europe and Asia. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a parliament and other reforms. Repeated devastating defeats of the Russian army in World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the imperial household. The Communists under Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and formed the USSR. The brutal rule of Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened Communist rule and Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the following decades until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize Communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991 splintered the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent republics. Since then, Russia has shifted its post-Soviet democratic ambitions in favor of a centralized semi-authoritarian state whose legitimacy is buttressed, in part, by carefully managed national elections, former President PUTIN's genuine popularity, and the prudent management of Russia's windfall energy wealth. Russia has severely disabled a Chechen rebel movement, although violence still occurs throughout the North Caucasus.

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References

Russia - Wikipedia
Russia - CIA World Fact Book
Russia - BBC
Russia - National Geographic
Russia - Timeline - BBC

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India joins Russia-Belarus drills amid nuclear weapons launch rehearsal - Al JazeeraIndia joins Russia-Belarus drills amid nuclear weapons launch rehearsal  Al Jazeera

Trump and Europe Are at Odds Over How to Sanction Russia - The Wall Street JournalTrump and Europe Are at Odds Over How to Sanction Russia  The Wall Street Journal

EU calls for closer ties with India despite Modi’s links to Russia - The GuardianEU calls for closer ties with India despite Modi’s links to Russia  The Guardian

EU's new approach to lure India away from Russia's orbit - DWEU's new approach to lure India away from Russia's orbit  DW

Putin hails India-Russia ties on PM Modi's birthday, Trump's historic second state visit to UK - India Today - India TodayPutin hails India-Russia ties on PM Modi's birthday, Trump's historic second state visit to UK - India Today  India Today

Kremlin Shrugs Off EU Plans To Speed Up Phase-Out Of Russia's Energy - NDTVKremlin Shrugs Off EU Plans To Speed Up Phase-Out Of Russia's Energy  NDTV

PM Modi FINALLY Answers Trump Phone Call; Delivers Big Russia Message | 'Narendra Doing Tremendous' - Times of IndiaPM Modi FINALLY Answers Trump Phone Call; Delivers Big Russia Message | 'Narendra Doing Tremendous'  Times of India

India-Russia ties and the heft of its history - Hindustan TimesIndia-Russia ties and the heft of its history  Hindustan Times

First round of negotiations for FTA with EAEU, including Russia, likely in ‘early November’ - The HinduFirst round of negotiations for FTA with EAEU, including Russia, likely in ‘early November’  The Hindu

India Participates in Russia-Led Zapad-2025 Military Exercise with 65 Armed Forces Personnel - NewsonairIndia Participates in Russia-Led Zapad-2025 Military Exercise with 65 Armed Forces Personnel  Newsonair

India joins Russia and Belarus Zapad military drills amid trade tensions with US - India TodayIndia joins Russia and Belarus Zapad military drills amid trade tensions with US  India Today

EU unveils new strategic agenda with India, but cites Russia rider | Latest News India - Hindustan TimesEU unveils new strategic agenda with India, but cites Russia rider | Latest News India  Hindustan Times

EU warns India’s Russia ties could stall trade deal; urges deeper partnership to defend rules-based order - The New Indian ExpressEU warns India’s Russia ties could stall trade deal; urges deeper partnership to defend rules-based order  The New Indian Express

Ukraine, EU promises new sanctions on Russia (but late on the 19th package). Metsola meets Zelensky in Kyiv - EunewsUkraine, EU promises new sanctions on Russia (but late on the 19th package). Metsola meets Zelensky in Kyiv  Eunews

Russia partner country at international trade show, PM set to inaugurate event - Times of IndiaRussia partner country at international trade show, PM set to inaugurate event  Times of India

Russia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 1,301 - Al JazeeraRussia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 1,301  Al Jazeera

European Union seeks trade, defence ties with India amid concerns over Russia links - India TodayEuropean Union seeks trade, defence ties with India amid concerns over Russia links  India Today

EU-India partnership set for upgrade - The HinduEU-India partnership set for upgrade  The Hindu

Putin's 'SPECIAL MESSAGE' For PM Modi After India Defies Trump On Russia; 'India Independent...' - Times of IndiaPutin's 'SPECIAL MESSAGE' For PM Modi After India Defies Trump On Russia; 'India Independent...'  Times of India

Russia launches cruise missiles in Zapad 2025 military drills with Belarus - Al JazeeraRussia launches cruise missiles in Zapad 2025 military drills with Belarus  Al Jazeera

Lavrov Drops Bomb On Europe In No-Holds-Barred Attack; 'Legitimate Target For Russia' - Times of IndiaLavrov Drops Bomb On Europe In No-Holds-Barred Attack; 'Legitimate Target For Russia'  Times of India

PM thanks Putin for birthday wish, stresses India's 'special' ties with Russia - India TodayPM thanks Putin for birthday wish, stresses India's 'special' ties with Russia  India Today

EU Pursues Closer Ties With India Despite Russia Partnership Tensions - Modern DiplomacyEU Pursues Closer Ties With India Despite Russia Partnership Tensions  Modern Diplomacy

Inside Rubicon, The Elite Russian Drone Unit Wreaking Havoc On Ukraine's Troops - Radio Free Europe/Radio LibertyInside Rubicon, The Elite Russian Drone Unit Wreaking Havoc On Ukraine's Troops  Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty

The China Factor Dooming Russia-Ukraine Peace Talks - The Diplomat – Asia-Pacific Current Affairs MagazineThe China Factor Dooming Russia-Ukraine Peace Talks  The Diplomat – Asia-Pacific Current Affairs Magazine

Poland urges EU to end Russian oil imports by 2026, citing geopolitical risks - ReutersPoland urges EU to end Russian oil imports by 2026, citing geopolitical risks  Reuters

EU wants closer India ties despite Russia links - politico.euEU wants closer India ties despite Russia links  politico.eu

Will India’s Russia bonhomie come at a cost? EU says yes - trtworld.comWill India’s Russia bonhomie come at a cost? EU says yes  trtworld.com

Russia's most unprecedented war tactic? How Moscow is 'brainwashing' Ukrainian children in 200+ facilities... - MoneycontrolRussia's most unprecedented war tactic? How Moscow is 'brainwashing' Ukrainian children in 200+ facilities...  Moneycontrol

Russia ties complicate EU-India defence cooperation - EuractivRussia ties complicate EU-India defence cooperation  Euractiv

Russia shows off conventional, nuclear military might in drills — raises tensions with NATO - The HinduRussia shows off conventional, nuclear military might in drills — raises tensions with NATO  The Hindu

Russia resumes domestic flights to southern city of Krasnodar for first time in three years - ReutersRussia resumes domestic flights to southern city of Krasnodar for first time in three years  Reuters

Ukraine updates: Merz warns Putin is 'testing the limits' - DWUkraine updates: Merz warns Putin is 'testing the limits'  DW

Latvia Arrests Man Accused of Spying for Russia - The Moscow TimesLatvia Arrests Man Accused of Spying for Russia  The Moscow Times

Russian attack on Ukraine's Kirovohrad region cuts power, governor says - The HinduRussian attack on Ukraine's Kirovohrad region cuts power, governor says  The Hindu

America’s War Dividend: How The US Profited Billions From Russia-Ukraine War - Zee NewsAmerica’s War Dividend: How The US Profited Billions From Russia-Ukraine War  Zee News

Russia targets Ukraine’s railways with overnight attack - politico.euRussia targets Ukraine’s railways with overnight attack  politico.eu

Russia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 1,300 - Al JazeeraRussia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 1,300  Al Jazeera

Ukraine war latest: Three dead after Putin targets railways in overnight attack - The IndependentUkraine war latest: Three dead after Putin targets railways in overnight attack  The Independent

EU explores using €170bn of Russia’s frozen assets to fund Ukraine - Financial TimesEU explores using €170bn of Russia’s frozen assets to fund Ukraine  Financial Times

Ukraine war briefing: Russian oil system struggling under Ukrainian attacks – report - The GuardianUkraine war briefing: Russian oil system struggling under Ukrainian attacks – report  The Guardian

Russia has network of 200 camps for ‘brainwashing’ Ukrainian children – report - The GuardianRussia has network of 200 camps for ‘brainwashing’ Ukrainian children – report  The Guardian

EU vows to forge closer ties with India despite 'problematic' Russia factor - Euronews.comEU vows to forge closer ties with India despite 'problematic' Russia factor  Euronews.com

Ukraine expects €2.9bn fund for US weapons to fight Russia, Zelenskyy says - Euronews.comUkraine expects €2.9bn fund for US weapons to fight Russia, Zelenskyy says  Euronews.com

Belarus and Russia's show of firepower appears to be a message to Europe - BBCBelarus and Russia's show of firepower appears to be a message to Europe  BBC

Europe turns to Ukrainian tech for ‘drone wall’ against Russia - Financial TimesEurope turns to Ukrainian tech for ‘drone wall’ against Russia  Financial Times

Exclusive: Russia close to cutting oil output due to drone attacks, sources say - ReutersExclusive: Russia close to cutting oil output due to drone attacks, sources say  Reuters

Denmark to buy long-range precision weapons to counter Russian threat - ReutersDenmark to buy long-range precision weapons to counter Russian threat  Reuters

Russia preparing 2 more 'heavy offensive campaigns,' Zelensky says - The Kyiv IndependentRussia preparing 2 more 'heavy offensive campaigns,' Zelensky says  The Kyiv Independent

E.U. delays new Russia sanctions as Trump demands end to oil purchases - The Washington PostE.U. delays new Russia sanctions as Trump demands end to oil purchases  The Washington Post

Since WWII, it’s been taboo to force nations to cede land after war. Russia wants to normalise conquest again - The ConversationSince WWII, it’s been taboo to force nations to cede land after war. Russia wants to normalise conquest again  The Conversation

Ukraine attacks major Russian refinery with drone assault - ReutersUkraine attacks major Russian refinery with drone assault  Reuters

What the China-Russia WWII Narrative Alignment Means for Japan - The Diplomat – Asia-Pacific Current Affairs MagazineWhat the China-Russia WWII Narrative Alignment Means for Japan  The Diplomat – Asia-Pacific Current Affairs Magazine

Russia-linked group planned parcel bomb attacks in Europe - DWRussia-linked group planned parcel bomb attacks in Europe  DW

Denmark to invest in long-range precision weapons to deter Russia - Anadolu AjansiDenmark to invest in long-range precision weapons to deter Russia  Anadolu Ajansi

Widow of Alexei Navalny says lab tests confirm he was poisoned in prison - The GuardianWidow of Alexei Navalny says lab tests confirm he was poisoned in prison  The Guardian

PM Modi Reciprocates Putin’s Warm Wishes, Reaffirms Commitment to India-Russia Partnership - The StatesmanPM Modi Reciprocates Putin’s Warm Wishes, Reaffirms Commitment to India-Russia Partnership  The Statesman

Ukraine captures Kenyan serving in Russian army, who claims he was tricked into joining - The Kyiv IndependentUkraine captures Kenyan serving in Russian army, who claims he was tricked into joining  The Kyiv Independent

Russia gives Ukrainian kids military training and reeducation, Yale researchers find - NPRRussia gives Ukrainian kids military training and reeducation, Yale researchers find  NPR

Crude Oil Falls Despite Supply Side Risks From Russia - NasdaqCrude Oil Falls Despite Supply Side Risks From Russia  Nasdaq

Russian decoy jet comically deflates at Zapad military exercise - TVP WorldRussian decoy jet comically deflates at Zapad military exercise  TVP World

Russia Inflates Battlefield Gains After a Costly Summer Offensive - The Moscow TimesRussia Inflates Battlefield Gains After a Costly Summer Offensive  The Moscow Times

Kremlin shrugs off EU plans to speed up phase-out of Russia's energy - ReutersKremlin shrugs off EU plans to speed up phase-out of Russia's energy  Reuters

The Russian Camp Where Abducted Ukrainian Children Reportedly Made Drones - Radio Free Europe/Radio LibertyThe Russian Camp Where Abducted Ukrainian Children Reportedly Made Drones  Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty

Pro-Ukrainian Atesh partisans sabotage railway 1,600km deep in Russia - TVP WorldPro-Ukrainian Atesh partisans sabotage railway 1,600km deep in Russia  TVP World

Romania becomes second Nato country to report Russian drones in airspace - BBCRomania becomes second Nato country to report Russian drones in airspace  BBC

Trump says Russian oil purchases by EU and Nato countries must ‘stop immediately’ — as it happened - The GuardianTrump says Russian oil purchases by EU and Nato countries must ‘stop immediately’ — as it happened  The Guardian

Tests show Navalny was poisoned in jail, his widow says - BBCTests show Navalny was poisoned in jail, his widow says  BBC

Great changes unseen: The China-Russia nexus and European security - European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR)Great changes unseen: The China-Russia nexus and European security  European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR)

Zapad 2025: Russia-Belarusian military drills stoked fears but delivered little punch - TVP WorldZapad 2025: Russia-Belarusian military drills stoked fears but delivered little punch  TVP World

U.S. Lawmaker Says Congress Exploring UFO Talks With Russian Parliament - The Moscow TimesU.S. Lawmaker Says Congress Exploring UFO Talks With Russian Parliament  The Moscow Times

How oil has brought China, Russia and India closer together - BBCHow oil has brought China, Russia and India closer together  BBC

Russian government explores way to make ends meet as budget deadline looms - ReutersRussian government explores way to make ends meet as budget deadline looms  Reuters

Is India recalibrating Russian oil import strategy? Saudi Arabia discount offer is key - ThePrintIs India recalibrating Russian oil import strategy? Saudi Arabia discount offer is key  ThePrint

Russia’s New Politics of Abduction - The AtlanticRussia’s New Politics of Abduction  The Atlantic

Russia developing Starlink rival at 'rapid pace,' space chief says - ReutersRussia developing Starlink rival at 'rapid pace,' space chief says  Reuters

Denmark to buy 'long-range precision weapons' amid Russia threat - EuractivDenmark to buy 'long-range precision weapons' amid Russia threat  Euractiv

Implications Of A Russian Buyback Of S-400 Air Defenses From Turkey - ForbesImplications Of A Russian Buyback Of S-400 Air Defenses From Turkey  Forbes

Lithuania charges 15 with terrorism over ‘Russia bomb plot’ - Arab NewsLithuania charges 15 with terrorism over ‘Russia bomb plot’  Arab News

After Wishing PM Modi, Putin Calls India-Russia Ties 'Exceptionally Trusting Since Soviet Era' - News18After Wishing PM Modi, Putin Calls India-Russia Ties 'Exceptionally Trusting Since Soviet Era'  News18

Europe’s Delayed Reckoning With Russia: A Plan to Beat the Kremlin on Its Own Terms - Foreign AffairsEurope’s Delayed Reckoning With Russia: A Plan to Beat the Kremlin on Its Own Terms  Foreign Affairs

Russia’s Silent Support for Venezuela - Geopolitical FuturesRussia’s Silent Support for Venezuela  Geopolitical Futures

US observes Belarus-Russia war games as NATO allies feel the heat of Moscow’s incursions - CNNUS observes Belarus-Russia war games as NATO allies feel the heat of Moscow’s incursions  CNN

Russia and China’s Gas Alliance Is a Bluff. Will Washington Call It? - Barron'sRussia and China’s Gas Alliance Is a Bluff. Will Washington Call It?  Barron's

Zelensky: US-Russia summit was ‘successful’ for Putin - CNNZelensky: US-Russia summit was ‘successful’ for Putin  CNN

New Nato mission to bolster eastern flank after Russia drone incursion - BBCNew Nato mission to bolster eastern flank after Russia drone incursion  BBC

Russia’s Crude Exports Lose Momentum After Baltic Flows Targeted - BloombergRussia’s Crude Exports Lose Momentum After Baltic Flows Targeted  Bloomberg

Russians organized 2024 DHL and DPD parcel blasts, Lithuania says - TVP WorldRussians organized 2024 DHL and DPD parcel blasts, Lithuania says  TVP World

Surprising Guests at Belarus-Russia War Games: Two American Observers - The New York TimesSurprising Guests at Belarus-Russia War Games: Two American Observers  The New York Times

Alexei Navalny: Lab tests show Russian opposition leader was poisoned, his wife says - NBC NewsAlexei Navalny: Lab tests show Russian opposition leader was poisoned, his wife says  NBC News

US military confirms it sent observers to Russia-Belarus war games - ReutersUS military confirms it sent observers to Russia-Belarus war games  Reuters

Ukraine hits one of Russia's largest oil refining complexes with explosive drone attack - France 24Ukraine hits one of Russia's largest oil refining complexes with explosive drone attack  France 24

Ukraine's Stolen Children: Inside Russia's Network of Re-education and Militarization - Yale School of Public HealthUkraine's Stolen Children: Inside Russia's Network of Re-education and Militarization  Yale School of Public Health

Refinery Outages Threaten Russia’s Winter Fuel Needs - energyintel.comRefinery Outages Threaten Russia’s Winter Fuel Needs  energyintel.com

Secret Talks Hint at Exxon's Re-entry into Russia's Sakhalin 1 Oil Project - Crude Oil Prices Today | OilPrice.comSecret Talks Hint at Exxon's Re-entry into Russia's Sakhalin 1 Oil Project  Crude Oil Prices Today | OilPrice.com

Ukraine says Russia's new jet-powered attack drone is full of foreign parts and immune to electronic warfare - Business InsiderUkraine says Russia's new jet-powered attack drone is full of foreign parts and immune to electronic warfare  Business Insider

Trump 'ready' to sanction Russia if Nato nations stop buying its oil - BBCTrump 'ready' to sanction Russia if Nato nations stop buying its oil  BBC

North Korea possibly received nuclear reactor for submarines from Russia: Report - Interesting EngineeringNorth Korea possibly received nuclear reactor for submarines from Russia: Report  Interesting Engineering

Analysis: Greenland’s defenses are being bolstered against Russia and China, but Trump may be the real target - CNNAnalysis: Greenland’s defenses are being bolstered against Russia and China, but Trump may be the real target  CNN

Russia Planning Two More Major Offensives, Zelensky Warns - NewsweekRussia Planning Two More Major Offensives, Zelensky Warns  Newsweek